A prostatic urethral lift is an outpatient medical procedure that relieves the symptoms of an enlarged prostate, including issues with peeing. A urologist uses small implants to pull your prostate away from your urethra, which allows pee to leave your body easily. It’s a relatively new procedure. But the short- and medium-term results are good.

A prostatic urethral lift is a minimally invasive medical procedure that treats benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms that don’t respond to other therapies. BPH becomes more common as men age. BPH is a noncancerous condition that causes your prostate to increase in size.

Your prostate is a small, walnut-shaped gland that surrounds your urethra and provides additional fluid to your semen (ejaculate). It has five rounded segments (lobes):

  • One in the front (anterior).
  • One in the back (posterior).
  • Two on either side (lateral).
  • One in the middle (median).

Urine (pee) and ejaculate leave your body through your urethra. If your prostate gets too big, it can make it difficult for pee and ejaculate to pass through your urethra.

Other names for a prostatic urethral lift include:

  • PUL.
  • UroLift®.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the prostatic urethral lift procedure in 2013. As of 2021, healthcare providers have performed the procedure over 200,000 times.

 

Before a prostatic urethral lift, you’ll meet with a healthcare provider. They’ll evaluate your general health and take vitals (temperature, pulse and blood pressure). They may also order tests or procedures to help determine the size of your prostate and the severity of your BPH, including:

  • Urine flow test. This test measures the speed and strength of your pee stream. It also measures the amount of pee.
  • Post-void residual volume test. This test measures how much pee is still in your urinary bladder after you pee.
  • Transrectal ultrasound. A provider will insert a probe into your anus (butthole) to take images of your prostate. The probe uses high-energy sound waves, which travel through your rectum and bounce off organs and tissue in the area.
  • Cystoscopy. During a cystoscopy, a provider will insert a small, flexible tool with a camera and a light at the end of it (cystoscope) to see inside your urethra and bladder.
  • Urinalysis (urine test). A urine test evaluates how your pee looks, as well as any chemicals, bacteria or other microscopic components in your pee. If urinalysis shows bacteria in your pee (urinary tract infection or UTI), you may need to treat the infection before you can have a PUL.

Tell your provider if you’re taking any prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) medications, including herbal supplements. Aspirin, anti-inflammatory drugs and certain herbal supplements can increase your risk of bleeding.

Your provider will also give you specific directions on when to stop eating and drinking before the procedure. In preparing for a PUL, most people shouldn’t eat or drink anything at least six hours before the procedure. If you must take prescription medications by mouth, take them with a small sip of water.

A PUL may take place in an office or at an ambulatory surgery center. You’ll change into a hospital gown for the procedure, so it’s a good idea to wear clothes that are easy to take off.

Though a PUL is a minimally invasive procedure, it can be nerve-wracking whenever you go through a medical procedure. In most cases, a provider will give you a mild sedative to help you relax. It’s a good idea to have a friend or family member drive you home after the procedure.

A special team of healthcare providers will perform a prostatic urethral lift. The team typically includes a urologist (surgeon) and nurses.

A nurse will lead you to a surgical table and instruct you to lie on your back. You’ll lift your legs, spread them apart and bring them to rest in padded stirrups that keep your legs up and open (dorsal lithotomy position). This position allows your providers to see and access your urethra easily.

In most cases, a healthcare provider will give you local anesthesia. Local anesthesia numbs your urethra and the surrounding areas so you won’t feel pain during the procedure.

Once you’re numb, your surgical team will:

  • Place a urinary catheter to drain pee from your bladder.
  • Insert a cystoscope into your urethra and pass it through to your bladder to see inside your body as they perform the PUL.
  • Insert a device (UroLift) into your urethra and move it forward to the side walls of your prostate. The UroLift then uses a small needle to eject small, thin, stainless-steel implants into both sides of your prostate. The implants pull prostate tissue away to open your urethra. Depending on your prostate’s size, your urologist may place two to six implants.

A prostatic urethral lift usually takes less than an hour.

After a PUL, your healthcare team will remove the UroLift device, take your legs out of the stirrups and help you off the table. They’ll then monitor you to ensure you don’t have any side effects, including difficulty peeing. Your urologist may insert a catheter if you can’t pee.

They’ll let you go home (discharge you) once they determine you no longer need monitoring.

The primary benefit of a prostatic urethral lift is that it helps quickly relieve symptoms of BPH. You may no longer need a catheter to pee, and it can also reduce your risk of retrograde ejaculation. Retrograde ejaculation is when semen flows backward into your bladder instead of out through your penis.

Other PUL benefits include:

  • It’s minimally invasive. Your recovery is more comfortable and faster than surgical treatments.
  • It’s an outpatient procedure. The procedure usually takes less than an hour, and many can go home the same day without a catheter.
  • It preserves sexual function. Other BPH treatment options may cause erectile dysfunction. After a PUL, you can continue to have sexual intercourse.

The success rate of a prostatic urethral lift is higher than other BPH procedures with fewer risks after the procedure. Studies show that less than 14% of people who have a PUL need additional treatment after five years.

A prostatic urethral lift has some disadvantages. Healthcare providers may not be able to perform a PUL if you have:

  • A very large prostate.
  • A long urethra.
  • Problems with urinary retention (you’re unable to empty your bladder when you pee).

There’s also a risk that your symptoms return and you need another PUL or surgery in the future.

Other complications may include:

  • Needing to pee more often.
  • Pain or discomfort when you pee.
  • Blood in your pee (hematuria).
  • UTI.

How painful is UroLift surgery?

You’ll have some pain and discomfort after a prostatic urethral lift. It may burn or sting when you pee, and you may have some pain in your pelvis. This can last for up to four weeks after a PUL. Most people manage their pain with over-the-counter pain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

It depends. Your body is unique, and how it responds to a prostatic urethral lift may differ from others. Most people feel better within a week, but it may take as long as four weeks.

Your healthcare team will give you instructions to follow after a PUL. They may include:

  • Treat pain or soreness with over-the-counter pain relievers, such as an NSAID or acetaminophen (Tylenol®).
  • Finish the full course of any other medicines they prescribe, such as antibiotics.
  • Drink extra water to help clear blood from your pee and flush bacteria from your urinary tract to reduce your risk of a UTI.
  • Avoid foods and drinks that can irritate your bladder, including alcohol, citrus juices, caffeinated drinks (coffee or tea) and spicy foods.

Yes, you can have sexual intercourse after a prostatic urethral lift. But ask your healthcare provider when it’s safe to do so. You may have to avoid having sex and masturbating for up to a week.

Schedule and keep follow-up appointments with your healthcare providers. Your first appointment will be a few weeks after your prostatic urethral lift. They may order imaging tests to make sure you’re healing appropriately. They’ll also make sure you can pee without any issues.

Most people return to their daily activities a few days after a prostatic urethral lift, including school and work.

A prostatic urethral lift is still a relatively new procedure. But short- and medium-term studies show that the outlook for a PUL is good. Most people report that their quality of life improves significantly after the procedure.

 

When should I call a healthcare provider?

Call a healthcare provider right away if you:

  • Can’t pee.
  • Have very bloody pee.
  • Still have blood in your pee two weeks after the procedure.
  • Have signs of infection, including fever, chills or swollen testicles.
  • American Urological Association. Innovations in Treatment of BPH (https://www.urologyhealth.org/healthy-living/care-blog/2018/innovations-in-treatment-of-bph). Updated 2/27/2018. Accessed 1/25/2024.
  • Garcia C, Chin P, Rashid P, et al. Prostatic Urethral Lift: A Minimally Invasive Treatment for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4494639/)Prostate Int. 2015 Mar;3(1):1-5. Accessed 1/25/2024.
  • Lerner LB, McVary, KT, Barry MJ et al. Management of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Attributed to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: AUA Guideline Part I, Initial Work-Up and Medical Management (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34384237/)J Urol. 2021 Aug 13; 206: 806. Accessed 1/25/2024.
  • Loloi J, Feiertag N, Gautam K, et al. An Update on the Outcomes of Patients Treated with Urolift for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8205643/)Res Rep Urol. 2021 Jun 11;13:347-355. Accessed 1/25/2024.
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U.S.). Prostate Problems (https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/prostate-problems). Updated 3/2016. Accessed 1/25/2024.
  • Roehmholdt MJ, Bentley DF. Large Pelvic Hematoma after UroLift® Procedure for Treatment of BPH with Median Lobe (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8942674/)Case Rep Urol. 2022 Mar 16;2022:7065865. Accessed 1/25/2024.
  • Roehrborn CG, Barkin J, Gange SN, et al. Five Year Results of the Prospective Randomized Controlled Prostatic Urethral L.I.F.T. Study (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28646935/)Can J Urol 2017;24(3):8802-8813. Accessed 1/25/2024.
  • The British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS). Prostatic Urethral Lift (Urolift®) Implant (https://www.baus.org.uk/_userfiles/pages/files/Patients/Leaflets/Urolift.pdf). Updated 12/2021. Accessed 1/25/2024.
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