Schizoid personality disorder is a condition where a person shows very little, if any, interest and ability to form relationships with other people. It’s very hard for the person to express a full range of emotions.
If you have schizoid personality disorder, you may be seen as keeping to yourself or rejecting others. You may not be interested in or able to form close friendships or romantic relationships. Because you do not tend to show emotion, it may appear that you do not care about others or what’s going on around you.
Schizoid personality disorder is less common than other personality disorders, but it’s much more common than schizophrenia. The cause is not known. Some symptoms of schizoid personality disorder are similar to autism spectrum disorders, other personality disorders — especially avoidant personality disorder — and early symptoms of schizophrenia.
Talk therapy, also called psychotherapy, can help those who know they need to improve relationships with others. But it’s common to feel unsure about change. Medicines are mainly used to treat mental health conditions that occur along with schizoid personality disorder, rather than the disorder itself.
Personality is the blend of thoughts, emotions and behaviors that makes you special. It’s the way you view, understand and relate to the outside world. It’s also how you see yourself. Personality forms when you’re a child. It’s shaped through a blend of your surroundings and genes passed down from your parents.
Children typically learn over time to properly understand social cues and take action. What causes schizoid personality disorder to happen is not known. But a blend of your surroundings and genes passed down to you may play a role in developing the disorder.
If you have schizoid personality disorder, it’s likely that you:
People may view you as odd or unusual.
Schizoid personality disorder most often begins when a person is a young adult. But some symptoms might be noticed during childhood. These symptoms may make it hard to do well in school, at work, in social situations or in other areas of life. But the person may do well if the job can be done by mostly working alone.
Although the names may sound alike, schizoid personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder and schizophrenia spectrum disorders are all different types of mental health conditions. But they can have similar symptoms, such as not being able to make social connections or show a full range of emotions.
In contrast to schizotypal personality disorder and schizophrenia, people with schizoid personality disorder:
People with schizoid personality disorder typically only seek treatment for a related problem, such as depression.
If someone close to you has urged you to seek help for symptoms common to schizoid personality disorder, make an appointment with a doctor or another health care professional, or a mental health professional. If you suspect a loved one may have schizoid personality disorder, gently suggest that the person seek help. You can offer to go along to the first appointment.
Factors that raise your risk of schizoid personality disorder include:
People with schizoid personality disorder are at higher risk of:
There’s no way to predict for certain what will cause someone to develop an anxiety disorder, but you can take steps to reduce the impact of symptoms if you’re anxious:
You may have a physical exam to rule out other medical health problems. Then your primary care doctor may suggest that you see a mental health professional.
To find out if you have schizoid personality disorder, your mental health professional will talk with you about your symptoms and ask several questions. Also, your mental health professional likely will go over your medical and personal history.
If you have schizoid personality disorder, you may want to go your own way and not talk to others, including your doctor or other health care professionals. You may be so used to a life of not being close to anyone emotionally that you’re not sure you want to change — or that you can.
You might agree to start treatment only when a relative or friend who is concerned about you urges you to do so. But working with a mental health professional who knows how to treat schizoid personality disorder can make your life much better.
Treatment options include:
With proper treatment and a skilled therapist, you can make a lot of progress and improve your quality of life.
Mental health includes our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act as we cope with life.
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