10 Common Vaginal Diseases and Are They Contagious
It’s common for women to experience vaginal issues on an occasional basis. Vaginal problems can arise from shifts in menstruation cycles, from sex with a new partner, and even from birth control. The vagina is a delicate, self-cleansing part of female sexual organs but every so often, a woman may notice her vagina is not functioning the way it normally does.
She may notice discharge, an unusual smell, or a sensation that includes burning, itching, or other discomfort. Sometimes a woman is unsure if vaginal sexually transmitted diseases have impacted her wellness and sometimes, she may be uncertain and ponder “Are yeast infections contagious?”
Many common infections can lead to vaginal diseases, so it’s important you connect with women’s wellness experts, like Dr. Andrew Krinsky, who is not only well-versed in gynecological treatment, but who also treats women holistically, considering the many factors that can set off vaginal issues .
There are different types of vaginal problems that can arise throughout a woman’s life. Some vaginal diseases, like vaginal sexually transmitted diseases, can be more severe in terms of symptoms than other vaginal problems, like yeast infections. You may wonder — are yeast infections contagious? Keep reading to learn more about each of the common vaginal diseases and infections below.
1. Vaginitis
Vaginitis is a blanket term that refers to an inflamed vagina. Normally, there is a healthy balance of bacteria and yeast in the vagina; however, when this natural harmony is disrupted, a woman experiences discomfort and an unusual odor.
Vaginitis can have several different causes. Sometimes, a yeast infection sets off inflammation. Other times, the use of new products like soaps or even new fabrics in the lining of undergarments can cause the vagina to react abnormally.
Is vaginitis contagious? Because vaginitis refers to the general swelling, irritation, and discomfort of the vagina, it is possible that a contributing factor is contagious. For example, vaginal sexually transmitted diseases can cause vaginitis. Ultimately, it’s about detecting and treating the underlying cause of vaginitis to know if you’re dealing with a potentially contagious infection.
2. Bacterial Vaginosis
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) occurs when bacteria builds up in the vagina. Since maintaining balance is critical for the vagina, BV results in unusual discharge, itching or pain in the vagina, and a strong fishy smell that is especially prominent following sexual intercourse.
Although the cause is not well understood by researchers, it does appear women who are sexually active are more likely to get BV.
Is bacterial vaginosis contagious? While you can’t get BV from surfaces like toilet seats, it does appear that sex and douching play a role in the disruption of vaginal balance and having BV does put women at risk for contracting other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
3. Yeast Infection
Yeast infections are fungal infections that result in discharge, irritation, and an extremely uncomfortable itching sensation on the vulva and vagina. Resuming with sexual activity after a period of abstinence may contribute to yeast infections and there is some evidence that alludes to oral sex being a contributor as well.
Are yeast infections contagious? Yeast infections are not considered to be a sexually transmitted disease. Causes for yeast infections may include uncontrolled diabetes, oral contraceptives, and even pregnancy.
4. Trichomoniasis
Trichomoniasis is caused by a parasitical infection. Symptoms include redness and soreness along with itching and burning sensations. Symptoms vary from person to person and may also include discomfort when urinating and a shift in discharge and vaginal odor.
Is trichomoniasis contagious? Yes, trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease. The only surefire way to prevent contraction of any STD is abstinence. However, regular check-ups and communication with your partner along with the use of condoms helps to reduce your chances of contracting trichomoniasis.
5. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an infection that results in warts on the genitals or on the skin around the genitals, depending on the type of strain that has been contracted. There is no known cure for HPV, and many can carry this infection without any signs or symptoms.
Is HPV contagious? Yes, HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection. Some forms of HPV are preventable through vaccination.
6. Genital Herpes
Genital herpes is caused by two viruses: HSV-1 and HSV-2. Many people who contract genital herpes don’t experience any symptoms at all. However, some people develop herpes sores around their genitals, rectum, or their mouth.
Is herpes contagious? Yes, genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease. Even when a person does not present any symptoms, the STD is still contagious.
7. Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea most commonly affects the urethra and rectum. Sometimes the throat and cervix are affected as well. Symptoms of gonorrhea include excessive vaginal discharge, pain while urinating, unusual vaginal bleeding, and pelvic pain.
Is gonorrhea contagious? Yes, gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease. When contracted, this STD is treated with antibiotics. So long as medication is taken as instructed, gonorrhea can be cured. However, if the STD has left permanent damage, the treatment does not reverse any of those effects.
8. Chlamydia
Chlamydia is most commonly diagnosed in young women. Most people who contract chlamydia don’t experience symptoms; however, those who do may notice abnormal vaginal discharge and burning while urinating. Chlamydia can also affect the rectum, which results in discharge, bleeding, and rectal pain.
Is chlamydia contagious? Yes, chlamydia is a sexually transmitted disease. Even if you do not have any symptoms, you can still spread the STD to your sexual partner.
9. Vulvodynia
Vulvodynia is a chronic condition that results in pain around the opening of the vagina. Symptoms can be so extreme that simple activities, like sitting for too long in one position, exacerbate the discomfort experienced.
Is vulvodynia contagious? No, vulval pain is not contagious and cannot be spread through sexual intercourse. Although there isn’t a single cure, women suffering from vulvodynia can receive multiple treatments, which greatly improve their quality of life.
10. Atrophic Vaginitis
Atrophic vaginitis is a condition that occurs when your body produces less estrogen, usually after menopause. It results in drying, thinning, and inflammation of a woman’s vaginal walls. Symptoms may include vaginal dryness, burning sensation when urinating, slight bleeding following intercourse, and genital itching.
Is atrophic vaginitis contagious? No, this is a condition women experience due to low levels of estrogen. It cannot be transmitted to a sexual partner, though it may affect a woman’s sexual experience. Incorporation of a sexual lubricant can ease the discomfort associated with vaginal dryness.
